Fig. 1. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles. Schematic representation of the biogenesis of exosomes starts with double invagination of the plasma membrane. Further, formation of multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs) and followed by the exocytosis. Exosome secretion and composition (endosomal sorting complex required for transport [ESCRT] dependent). MVBs arise as buds from the plasma membrane during inflammatory and hypoxic circumstances. Apoptotic blebs are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are produced in response to increased cell contraction and hydrostatic pressure. Only during planned cell death are apoptotic bodies released. Exomeres are newly found EVs with unknown biological functions and biogenesis. Migrasomes are oval-shaped EVs that are generated during cell migration. Oncosomes are big and tiny EVs produced from the membrane that are discharged by cancer cells. They have a distinct signature from the tumor cells from which they are released.