Fig. 4. Differences in the measurement of metabolic levels according to normalization method. (A) Real-time adenosine triphosphate (ATP) rate assay of somatic and pluripotent stem cells. (B) Non-normalized ATP production rate (pmol/min). (C) Normalized ATP production rate (pmol/min) by total protein, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Student’s t-test: *p<0.05. R/A: rotenone & antimycin A, hESCs: human embryonic stem cells.
© 2024 International Journal of Stem Cells