Exosomes Reshape the Osteoarthritic Defect: Emerging Potential in Regenerative Medicine–A Review
Jaishree Sankaranarayanan1,2,3, Seok Cheol Lee2,3, Hyung Keun Kim2,3, Ju Yeon Kang2,3, Sree Samanvitha Kuppa1,2,3, Jong Keun Seon1,2,3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
3Korea Biomedical Materials and Devices Innovation Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
3Korea Biomedical Materials and Devices Innovation Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
Correspondence to: Jong Keun Seon
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun 58128, Korea
E-mail: seonbell@chonnam.ac.kr
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun 58128, Korea
E-mail: seonbell@chonnam.ac.kr
Received July 8, 2023; Revised October 5, 2023; Accepted November 28, 2023.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- Abstract
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder caused by wear and tear of the cartilage that cushions the joints. It is a progressive condition that can cause significant pain and disability. Currently, there is no cure for OA, though there are treatments available to manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. A chondral defect is a common and devastating lesion that is challenging to treat due to its avascular and aneural nature. However, there are conventional therapies available, ranging from microfracture to cell-based therapy. Anyhow, its efficiency in cartilage defects is limited due to unclear cell viability. Exosomes have emerged as a potent therapeutic tool for chondral defects because they are a complicated complex containing cargo of proteins, DNA, and RNA as well as the ability to target cells due to their phospholipidic composition and the altering exosomal contents that boost regeneration potential. Exosomes are used in a variety of applications, including tissue healing and anti-inflammatory therapy. As in recent years, biomaterials-based bio fabrication has gained popularity among the many printable polymer-based hydrogels, tissue-specific decellularized extracellular matrix might boost the effects rather than an extracellular matrix imitating environment, a short note has been discussed. Exosomes are believed to be the greatest alternative option for current cell-based therapy, and future progress in exosome-based therapy could have a greater influence in the field of orthopaedics. The review focuses extensively on the insights of exosome use and scientific breakthroughs centered OA.
- Keywords : Cartilage associated defects, Exosomes, Osteoarthritis, Extracellular matrix, Three dimensional bioprinting, Regenerative medicine
- August 2024, 17 (3)
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